A. P. J. ABDULKALAM::
this text is regarding the previous President of India. For the Indian crusader, see Abul Kalam Azad.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Bharat Ratna
Apj abdul kalam.JPG
Kalam at the International Book honest, Trivandrum, 2014
11th President of India
In office
25 Gregorian calendar month 2002 – twenty five Gregorian calendar month 2007
Prime Minister Atal Sanskrit Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Vice President Krishan philosopher
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded by K. R. Narayanan
Succeeded by Pratibha Patil
Personal details
Born Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
15 October 1931
Rameswaram, Ramnad District, Madras Presidency, British India
(now in Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India)
Died 27 Gregorian calendar month 2015 (aged 83)
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Nationality Indian
Alma mater St. Joseph's faculty, Tiruchirappalli
Madras Institute of Technology
Profession Professor
Author
Aerospace individual
Religion Islam
Signature
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen "A. P. J." Abdul Kalam (Listeni/ˈæbdʊl kəˈlɑːm/; fifteen October 1931 – twenty seven Gregorian calendar month 2015) was the eleventh President of India from 2002 to 2007. A career scientist[clarification needed] turned reluctant politician, Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied physics and part engineering. He spent following four decades as a individual and science administrator, chiefly at the Defence analysis and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian area analysis Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately concerned in India's civilian programme and military missile development efforts. He so came to be referred to as the Missile Man of India for his work on the event of missile and launch vehicle technology. He conjointly compete a important structure, technical, and political role in India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, the primary since the initial nuclear check by India in 1974.
Kalam was nonappointive President of India in 2002 with the support of each the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and therefore the opposition Indian National Congress. once serving a term of 5 years, he came back to his civilian lifetime of education, writing and public service. He was a recipient of many prestigious awards, together with the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour.
EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION:
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on fifteen October 1931 to a Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram within the State of Madras. His father's name was Jainulabudeen, a ship owner, and his mother Ashiamma, a wife. His father owned a ferry that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth between Rameswaram and therefore the now-extinct Dhanushkodi. Kalam was the youngest of 4 brothers and one sister in his family. He came from a poor background and began engaging at associate degree early age to supplement his family's financial gain. once finishing faculty, Kalam distributed newspapers to contribute to his father's financial gain. In his faculty years he had average grades however was delineate as a bright and tireless student World Health Organization had a robust need to find out and pay hours on his studies, particularly arithmetic. once finishing his education at the Ramanathapuram Schwartz admittance faculty, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph's faculty, Tiruchirappalli, then related with the University of Madras, from wherever he graduated in physics in 1954.
He moved to Madras in 1955 to review part engineering in Madras Institute of Technology.While Kalam was functioning on a class project, the Dean was discontent together with his lack of progress and vulnerable to revoke his scholarship unless the project was finished at intervals following 3 days. Kalam met the point, impressing the Dean, World Health Organization later aforementioned to him, "I was swing you underneath stress and asking you to satisfy a tough deadline". He narrowly incomprehensible achieving his dream of turning into a combat pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and solely eight positions were accessible within the IAF.
CAREER AS A SCIENTIST:
This was my 1st stage, during which I learnt leadership from 3 nice teachers—Dr Vikram Sarabhai , academician Satish Dhawan and Dr Brahm Prakash. This was the time of learning and acquisition of data on behalf of me.
“”
A P J Abdul Kalam.
After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the physics Development institution of the Defence analysis and Development Organisation (DRDO) as a individual. He started his career by planning atiny low eggbeater for the Indian Army, however remained dubious by his selection of employment at DRDO. Kalam was conjointly a part of the INCOSPAR committee operating underneath Vikram Sarabhai, the noted area individual. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian area analysis Organisation (ISRO) wherever he was the project director of India's 1st Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) that with success deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in Gregorian calendar month 1980; Kalam had 1st started work on associate degree expandable rocket project severally at DRDO in 1965. In 1969, Kalam received the government's approval and swollen the programme to incorporate additional engineers.
Kalam addresses engineering students at IIT Guwahati
In 1963–64, he visited NASA's Langley center in Hampton, Virginia; physicist area Flight Center in greenway, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility. Between the Nineteen Seventies and Nineteen Nineties, Kalam created an attempt to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III comes, each of that evidenced to achieve success.
Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country's 1st nuclear check Smiling Buddha because the representative of TBRL, despite the fact that he had not participated in its development. within the Nineteen Seventies, Kalam conjointly directed 2 comes, Project Devil and Project valorous, that wanted to develop flight missiles from the technology of the self-made SLV programme. Despite the disapproval of the Union cupboard, Prime Minister Gandhi assigned secret funds for these part comes through her discretionary powers underneath Kalam's spot. Kalam compete associate degree integral role convincing the Union cupboard to hide verity nature of those classified part comes. His analysis and academic leadership brought him nice laurels and status within the Nineteen Eighties, that prompted the govt to initiate a sophisticated missile programme underneath his spot. Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, engineer and scientific advisor to the Defence Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for coincident development of a quiver of missiles rather than taking planned missiles one once another. R Venkatraman was instrumental in obtaining the cupboard approval for allocating ₹388 crores for the mission, named Integrated missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam because the chief government. Kalam compete a serious half in developing several missiles underneath the mission together with Hindu deity, associate degree intermediate vary missile and Prithvi, the military science surface-to-surface missile, though the comes are criticised for misdirection and price and time overruns.
Kalam served because the Chief Scientific advisor to the Prime Minister and therefore the Secretary of the Defence analysis and Development Organisation from Gregorian calendar month 1992 to Dec 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted throughout this era during which he compete associate degree intensive political and technological role. Kalam served because the Chief Project arranger, beside Rajagopala Chidambaram, throughout the testing section. Media coverage of Kalam throughout this era created him the country's best famed nuclear individual. However, the director of the positioning check, K Santhanam, aforementioned that the H-bomb had been a "fizzle" associate degreed criticisied Kalam for issuance an incorrect report.Both Kalam and Chidambaram unemployed the claims.
In 1998, beside medical specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed an occasional price coronary tubing, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent". In 2012, the pair designed a rugged pill pc for health care in rural areas, that was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".
AWARDS AND HONOURS:
Kalam has received unearned doctorates from forty universities. the govt of India has honored him with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and therefore the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for his work with ISRO and DRDO and his role as a scientific adviser to the govt. In 1997, Kalam received India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, for his contribution to the research project and modernization of defence technology in India. In 2013, he was the recipient of the von Braun Award from the National area Society "to acknowledge excellence within the management and leadership of a space-related project".
Year of award or honour Name of award or honour Awarding organisation
2014 Doctor of Science Edinburgh University,UK
2012 Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa) Simon Fraser University
2011 IEEE unearned Membership IEEE
2010 Doctor of Engineering University of Waterloo
2009 Honorary Doctorate Oakland University
2009 Hoover Medal ASME Foundation, USA
2009 International von Kármán Wings Award California Institute of Technology, USA
2008 Doctor of Engineering (Honoris Causa) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
2008 Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2007 Honorary academic degree of Science and Technology Carnegie Andrew William Mellon University
2007 King Charles II Medal Royal Society, UK
2007 Honorary academic degree of Science University of Wolverhampton, UK
2000 Ramanujan Award Alwars analysis Centre, Chennai
1998 Veer Savarkar Award Government of India
1997 Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration Indian National Congress
1997 Bharat Ratna Government of India
1994 Distinguished Fellow Institute of administrators (India)
1990 Padma Vibhushan Government of India
1981 Padma Bhushan Government of India
DEATH:
On twenty seven Gregorian calendar month 2015, Kalam cosmopolitan to Shillong to deliver a lecture on "Creating a livable Planet Earth". at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. At around 6:35 p.m. IST, solely 5 minutes into his lecture, he folded. He was rush to the near Bethany Hospital in an exceedingly essential condition; upon arrival, he lacked a pulse or the other signs of life.[89] Despite being placed within the medical aid unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a unexpected cardiopulmonary arrest at 7:45 p.m IST.
Following his death, Kalam's body was airlifted in associate degree Indian Air Force eggbeater from Shillong to Guwahati, from wherever it had been flown to Indian capital on the morning of twenty eight Gregorian calendar month in associate degree air force C-130J Hercules. The flight landed at Palam air station and was received by the President, the Prime Minister, Chief Minister of Old Delhi Arvind Kejriwal, and therefore the 3 service chiefs of the Indian militia, World Health Organization set wreaths on Kalam's body. His body was then placed on a frame draped with the Indian flag and brought to his Old Delhi residence at ten Rajaji Marg wherever the general public and diverse dignitaries paid deference, together with former prime minister Manmohan Singh, Congress president Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi, and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav.
On the morning of twenty nine Gregorian calendar month, Kalam's body, wrapped within the Indian flag, was taken to Palam air station, from wherever it had been flown to Madurai in associate degree air force C-130J craft, incoming at Madurai airfield that afternoon. His body was received at the airfield by the 3 service chiefs and national and state dignitaries, together with cupboard ministers Manohar Parrikar, Venkaiah Naidu, Pon Radhakrishnan; and therefore the governors of Madras and Meghalaya, K Rosaiah and V. Shanmuganathan. once a short ceremony, Kalam's body was flown in associate degree air force eggbeater to the city of Mandapam. From Mandapam, Kalam's body was taken in a military truck to his town of Rameswaram, wherever it had been displayed in associate degree open space ahead of the native terminal to permit the general public to pay their final respects till eight p.m. that evening.
On thirty Gregorian calendar month 2015, the previous President was set to rest at Rameswaram's I. M. Pei Karumbu Ground with full state honours. Over 350,000 folks attended the last rites, together with the Prime Minister, the governor of Madras and therefore the chief ministers of province, Kerala and province..
this text is regarding the previous President of India. For the Indian crusader, see Abul Kalam Azad.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Bharat RatnaApj abdul kalam.JPG
Kalam at the International Book honest, Trivandrum, 2014
11th President of India
In office
25 Gregorian calendar month 2002 – twenty five Gregorian calendar month 2007
Prime Minister Atal Sanskrit Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Vice President Krishan philosopher
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded by K. R. Narayanan
Succeeded by Pratibha Patil
Personal details
Born Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
15 October 1931
Rameswaram, Ramnad District, Madras Presidency, British India
(now in Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India)
Died 27 Gregorian calendar month 2015 (aged 83)
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Nationality Indian
Alma mater St. Joseph's faculty, Tiruchirappalli
Madras Institute of Technology
Profession Professor
Author
Aerospace individual
Religion Islam
Signature
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen "A. P. J." Abdul Kalam (Listeni/ˈæbdʊl kəˈlɑːm/; fifteen October 1931 – twenty seven Gregorian calendar month 2015) was the eleventh President of India from 2002 to 2007. A career scientist[clarification needed] turned reluctant politician, Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied physics and part engineering. He spent following four decades as a individual and science administrator, chiefly at the Defence analysis and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian area analysis Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately concerned in India's civilian programme and military missile development efforts. He so came to be referred to as the Missile Man of India for his work on the event of missile and launch vehicle technology. He conjointly compete a important structure, technical, and political role in India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, the primary since the initial nuclear check by India in 1974.
Kalam was nonappointive President of India in 2002 with the support of each the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and therefore the opposition Indian National Congress. once serving a term of 5 years, he came back to his civilian lifetime of education, writing and public service. He was a recipient of many prestigious awards, together with the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour.
EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION:
He moved to Madras in 1955 to review part engineering in Madras Institute of Technology.While Kalam was functioning on a class project, the Dean was discontent together with his lack of progress and vulnerable to revoke his scholarship unless the project was finished at intervals following 3 days. Kalam met the point, impressing the Dean, World Health Organization later aforementioned to him, "I was swing you underneath stress and asking you to satisfy a tough deadline". He narrowly incomprehensible achieving his dream of turning into a combat pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and solely eight positions were accessible within the IAF.
CAREER AS A SCIENTIST:
This was my 1st stage, during which I learnt leadership from 3 nice teachers—Dr Vikram Sarabhai , academician Satish Dhawan and Dr Brahm Prakash. This was the time of learning and acquisition of data on behalf of me.
“”
A P J Abdul Kalam.After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the physics Development institution of the Defence analysis and Development Organisation (DRDO) as a individual. He started his career by planning atiny low eggbeater for the Indian Army, however remained dubious by his selection of employment at DRDO. Kalam was conjointly a part of the INCOSPAR committee operating underneath Vikram Sarabhai, the noted area individual. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian area analysis Organisation (ISRO) wherever he was the project director of India's 1st Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) that with success deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in Gregorian calendar month 1980; Kalam had 1st started work on associate degree expandable rocket project severally at DRDO in 1965. In 1969, Kalam received the government's approval and swollen the programme to incorporate additional engineers.
Kalam addresses engineering students at IIT Guwahati
In 1963–64, he visited NASA's Langley center in Hampton, Virginia; physicist area Flight Center in greenway, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility. Between the Nineteen Seventies and Nineteen Nineties, Kalam created an attempt to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III comes, each of that evidenced to achieve success.
Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country's 1st nuclear check Smiling Buddha because the representative of TBRL, despite the fact that he had not participated in its development. within the Nineteen Seventies, Kalam conjointly directed 2 comes, Project Devil and Project valorous, that wanted to develop flight missiles from the technology of the self-made SLV programme. Despite the disapproval of the Union cupboard, Prime Minister Gandhi assigned secret funds for these part comes through her discretionary powers underneath Kalam's spot. Kalam compete associate degree integral role convincing the Union cupboard to hide verity nature of those classified part comes. His analysis and academic leadership brought him nice laurels and status within the Nineteen Eighties, that prompted the govt to initiate a sophisticated missile programme underneath his spot. Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, engineer and scientific advisor to the Defence Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for coincident development of a quiver of missiles rather than taking planned missiles one once another. R Venkatraman was instrumental in obtaining the cupboard approval for allocating ₹388 crores for the mission, named Integrated missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam because the chief government. Kalam compete a serious half in developing several missiles underneath the mission together with Hindu deity, associate degree intermediate vary missile and Prithvi, the military science surface-to-surface missile, though the comes are criticised for misdirection and price and time overruns.
Kalam served because the Chief Scientific advisor to the Prime Minister and therefore the Secretary of the Defence analysis and Development Organisation from Gregorian calendar month 1992 to Dec 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted throughout this era during which he compete associate degree intensive political and technological role. Kalam served because the Chief Project arranger, beside Rajagopala Chidambaram, throughout the testing section. Media coverage of Kalam throughout this era created him the country's best famed nuclear individual. However, the director of the positioning check, K Santhanam, aforementioned that the H-bomb had been a "fizzle" associate degreed criticisied Kalam for issuance an incorrect report.Both Kalam and Chidambaram unemployed the claims.
In 1998, beside medical specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed an occasional price coronary tubing, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent". In 2012, the pair designed a rugged pill pc for health care in rural areas, that was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".
AWARDS AND HONOURS:
Year of award or honour Name of award or honour Awarding organisation
2014 Doctor of Science Edinburgh University,UK
2012 Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa) Simon Fraser University
2011 IEEE unearned Membership IEEE
2010 Doctor of Engineering University of Waterloo
2009 Honorary Doctorate Oakland University
2009 Hoover Medal ASME Foundation, USA
2009 International von Kármán Wings Award California Institute of Technology, USA
2008 Doctor of Engineering (Honoris Causa) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
2008 Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2007 Honorary academic degree of Science and Technology Carnegie Andrew William Mellon University
2007 King Charles II Medal Royal Society, UK
2007 Honorary academic degree of Science University of Wolverhampton, UK
2000 Ramanujan Award Alwars analysis Centre, Chennai
1998 Veer Savarkar Award Government of India
1997 Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration Indian National Congress
1997 Bharat Ratna Government of India
1994 Distinguished Fellow Institute of administrators (India)
1990 Padma Vibhushan Government of India
1981 Padma Bhushan Government of India
DEATH:
On twenty seven Gregorian calendar month 2015, Kalam cosmopolitan to Shillong to deliver a lecture on "Creating a livable Planet Earth". at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. At around 6:35 p.m. IST, solely 5 minutes into his lecture, he folded. He was rush to the near Bethany Hospital in an exceedingly essential condition; upon arrival, he lacked a pulse or the other signs of life.[89] Despite being placed within the medical aid unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a unexpected cardiopulmonary arrest at 7:45 p.m IST.Following his death, Kalam's body was airlifted in associate degree Indian Air Force eggbeater from Shillong to Guwahati, from wherever it had been flown to Indian capital on the morning of twenty eight Gregorian calendar month in associate degree air force C-130J Hercules. The flight landed at Palam air station and was received by the President, the Prime Minister, Chief Minister of Old Delhi Arvind Kejriwal, and therefore the 3 service chiefs of the Indian militia, World Health Organization set wreaths on Kalam's body. His body was then placed on a frame draped with the Indian flag and brought to his Old Delhi residence at ten Rajaji Marg wherever the general public and diverse dignitaries paid deference, together with former prime minister Manmohan Singh, Congress president Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi, and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav.
On the morning of twenty nine Gregorian calendar month, Kalam's body, wrapped within the Indian flag, was taken to Palam air station, from wherever it had been flown to Madurai in associate degree air force C-130J craft, incoming at Madurai airfield that afternoon. His body was received at the airfield by the 3 service chiefs and national and state dignitaries, together with cupboard ministers Manohar Parrikar, Venkaiah Naidu, Pon Radhakrishnan; and therefore the governors of Madras and Meghalaya, K Rosaiah and V. Shanmuganathan. once a short ceremony, Kalam's body was flown in associate degree air force eggbeater to the city of Mandapam. From Mandapam, Kalam's body was taken in a military truck to his town of Rameswaram, wherever it had been displayed in associate degree open space ahead of the native terminal to permit the general public to pay their final respects till eight p.m. that evening.
On thirty Gregorian calendar month 2015, the previous President was set to rest at Rameswaram's I. M. Pei Karumbu Ground with full state honours. Over 350,000 folks attended the last rites, together with the Prime Minister, the governor of Madras and therefore the chief ministers of province, Kerala and province..
is a great sir to ussss
ReplyDelete